Eating - Pica Essay Example for Free

Eating Pica EssayPica is a compulsion to eat non fare items when it is con rampred to be developmentally inappropriate for a time length of no less than one month. This disorder, also known as a phenomenon has been around since ancient times, with certain cultures accepting this not as a disorder, but as an accepted practice. There atomic number 18 several categories for describing pica. Some of the most commonly described types of pica are eating earth, district or clay (Geophagia), ice (Pagophagia), and starch (Amylophagia) in humans. (http//www. encyclopedia. com/topic/pica. aspx).Pica is usually noticed in pregnancy, developmental delay and mental retardation, psychiatric disease and autism, early childhood, poor nutrition, lack of specific nutrients, vitamins, and/or minerals, and certain specific religions and their corresponding specific traditions. The specific causes for Pica are unknown, but certain conditions and situations after part increase a persons risk Nutr itional deficiencies such as iron and zinc Dieting- consuming non food items to obtain a skin perceptiveness of fullness Malnutrition-especially in underdeveloped countries.Cultural factors such as family practices and religious factors Parental neglect, lack of supervision, or food deprivation Developmental problems Mental wellness conditions Pregnancy Epilepsy Brain damage (http//kidshealth. org/PageManager. jsp? dn=KidsHealthlic=1ps=107cat_id=146article_set=22148) Research suggests that there is no known cause for this disorder. In most studies into the disorder, the habit of eating non-nutritive substances usually clears up on its on terms for no known reason.Nevertheless, this disorder should be considered serious, as there are multiple risk factors up to and including death that present as outcomes. Pica has been groundn to be a predisposing factor in accidental ingestion of poisons, particularly lead poisoning. The ingestion of bizarre or unusual substances has also resulte d in other potentially life threatening toxicities, such as hyperkalemia after cautopyreiophagia (ingestion of burnt match heads) (http//emedicine. medscape. com/article/914765-overview) To date, there are no lab studies to show the onset, cause, and /or leading factors that contribute to this disorder.It is common practice to identify and treat a person for effects only after they have become amenable to medical treatment. Physical examination findings are highly dispersed and depend directly on what substance has been ingested. Most research suggests that pregnant woman starve a specific nutrient missing from their diet, therefore consuming a specific non food substance rich in that nutrient to fulfill what their embody is looking for. Most children up to two years old are said to simply be exploring their environment and do so by displace everything into their mouths.Medications use to help treat Pica disorder are commonly SSRIs such as Olanzapine a drug typically use to trea t the symptoms of various mental illnesses that cause a loss of interest in life, unusual thinking, or inappropriate emotions, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Clozapine another drug used to treat the symptoms of various mental illnesses by transforming natural substance activities in the brain. Risperidone used to treat the symptoms assoc. with manic states and bipolar disorder.Both Olanzapine and Clozapine belong to a class of atypical antipsychotics that are sometimes used in Pica patients to help change the way they image certain materials and reduce their negative eating habits. Risperidone can be used to treat the symptoms of Pica disorder, as well as some of the underlying causes, including low and psychotic factors. The most successful approach to treating a client with Pica disorder is a behavioral approach. Behavioral strategies have been shown to be extremely effective in treating many forms of Pica, up to and including Discrimination training.Mouth self-pro tection devices Reinforcement behaviors Screening techniques (ex covering eyes) Aversive oral taste (mint, lemon, etc. ) Aversive life techniques Aversive physical sensation (ex alternative response) Brief physical restraint Consultations (http//www. health guideinfo. com/other-eating-disorders) In General, the use of medications for Pica disorder are commonly used for the person(s) with a mental handicap, or in combination with any other medical diagnosis (ex depression, ADHD, obsessive compulsive disorder).Many physicians will have a focused aim on finding out if the body is lacking a nutrientusually noted to be iron. There is no yard to say that a lack of iron is linked to the disorder. Side effects will also vary depending on the type of substance was ingested. Common side effects include constipation, cramping, pain, obstruction of bowel or intestine due to blockage, perforation from ingesting sharp objects, contamination and infection from ingesting parasites, weight gain, ma lnutrition, gestational diabetes false +, and decreased intentness of nutrients in the stomach (http//www. encyclopedia.com/topic/Pica. aspx).There is no true prognosis for Pica disorder as it depends on the substance and amount of the substance interpreted in. Usually the side effects and complications tend to dissipate as the behavior is stopped. Pica is seen in studies to subside once the labor has been successful and in children as they age, usually around two years of age. There are no specific lab studies indicated in the evaluation of a person with pica. Lab tests are generally completed when a patient has been seen by their physician for a complaint.As a patient admitted to the E. R. , the attending Dr.may order abdominal x-rays, barium swallows of the G. I. tracts, and an hurrying GI endoscopy in order to get a handle of what has been ingested and the location of the substances.A list of commonly ingested non-food items consumed includes Dirt Clay Paint chips Plaster scr ap Cornstarch Laundry starch Baking soda Coffee grounds Cigarette ashes Burnt match heads Cigarette butts Feces Ice Glue hairsbreadth Buttons Paper Sand Toothpaste Soap A common approach used is education for patients in regards to a healthy approach to consumption to adequate sources of food substances. A common failure is non-information throughout the world.